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Book Review
“Brexit Unfolded - How No One Got What They Wanted"
A review by John Cole
The author has a heavyweight academic reputation, having previously been a professor of Organisational Studies, both at Cambridge University and latterly Royal Holloway College London.
As might be expected, the book is comprehensive, dispassionate, highly informed and insightful. At the same time it remains very readable.
The author does not dwell on the ins and outs of the referendum itself but accepts the result as “given" (although at one point he refers to the “Leave" team as having “fluked" it). Hence most of the book is a chronological telling of the story that unfolded. Three themes quickly emerge: first that what Brexit meant had not been clearly defined at the time of the referendum and so it became necessary to agree a definition, if for no other reason that there was serious negotiating with the EU to get on with.
The second theme emerges from the first, that efforts to define what Brexit was to mean quickly showed up the lack of comprehension on the part of nearly all “Leave" campaigners of UK/EU relations and the complexities of trade policy. Time and again ministers are shown to be out of their depth.
Thirdly, the whole process of leaving the EU was incredibly rushed – Grey implies far more than was desirable. Possibly the haste was induced by a desire on the part of “Leavers" that “Remainers" be allowed no opportunity to overturn the June 2016 vote. Leavers were aware that they had “fluked" it and looked to get the job done before any counter-revolution could be organised. They might well lose their prize if there were, for example, a “People's Vote". Any sane government would have used the onset of the Covid pandemic as a good reason to seek a negotiating extension with the EU. Surely that would have been granted. Instead, Johnson and co. drove forward relentlessly. In consequence the legislation surrounding UK's exit was very poorly scrutinised in parliament whilst at the same time the government's handling of the pandemic was disastrous.
“The people of the country have had enough of experts" said Gove, in the lead up to the referendum. Chris Grey to has credit has made great use of experts in writing this book and it is abundantly clear that Brexit policy post 2016 could have been far far better if successive Conservative governments had made use of the informed and dispassionate expertise that was available. However, both May and Johnson chose to ignore the best advice that was available and rather allowed themselves to be driven to increasingly extreme positions by the swivel-eyed ideologues of the European Research Group (ERG).
One is never quite sure how much research the ERG carries out. Rather than being interested in evidence-based policy they give the impression of preferring policy-based evidence. “My mind is made up – please do not confuse me with the facts". The author points out that in consequence the ERG urged on to government solutions to practical problems that had no earthly prospect of functioning. The first collision with reality rarely killed off the notion; it would reappear a few months later - a sort of zombie idea. A depressing part of this book is the consistent failure of cabinets and the ERG to learn from experience. Policy-making had become a matter of faith. If you believed fervently enough, for example, that workable technical solutions existed to the Northern Ireland / Irish Republic customs border then the solutions would manifest themselves. Hence by a strong enough act of faith one can dispense with May's “Backstop" or Johnson's “Sea Border".
If it were not so dispiritingly awful one might smile at the simple pantomime nature. All the children in the audience being encouraged to clap, manifesting a belief in fairies, that Tinkerbell might live.
Politicians and the political system do not emerge well from this book. The narrative is littered with examples of poor judgment on the part of May and Johnson in particular and ministers in general. Most readers of “Yorkshire Bylines" will be familiar with their woeful shortcomings and so I shall pass on to the opposition parties.
Grey has Jeremy Corbyn marked down as a “Lexiter" (exiting the EU from the left) and this would explain Corbyn's not so much half-hearted as quarter-hearted support for Remain. Counterfactual historians might reflect what would have happened if from June 2015 onwards a strong, vigorous Dennis Healey (1970 vintage) had been leading HM Opposition. Would the liars of Brexit have got away with it?
(Since for balance we need heroes as well as villains, Grey gives us two - Yvette Cooper and Hilary Benn. I add in two of my own – Dominic Grieve and John Bercow)
The final chapter of Grey's book is thematic and pages 255-258 give a thought-provoking section headed The Politics of “Authenticity". Essentially this is an insight into the culture wars that Brexit, if it did not initiate, greatly ratcheted up. Gove's snide remark about experts fitted well with the resentment of those who had not been to university but had had fingers wagged at them by “prissy moralistic do-gooders" who insisted on political correctness and did not allow them to say what they really wanted to say. Hence Johnson and Farage were blokes you could have a beer with. The metropolitan elite were a distant, uncomfortable race. Tellingly, “authentic" people not only vote to “take back control" but show their control by avoiding where possible wearing anti-Covid masks.
In years to come, if historians are wishing to understand and write up Brexit in the period after 2016, they will find Chris Grey's book an invaluable treasure trove.
Letter to the Editor
Sir,
Many of your readers will be familiar with the storyline of “Jane Eyre" that features Bertha, the first Mrs Rochester. The latter was once beautiful but became insane and destructive and was kept locked in a secret room in the large Rochester house. Since Bertha was a clear embarrassment, Mr Rochester never referred to her and she remained hidden away.
In a like manner Conservatives now shy away from mentioning Brexit. The whole business of the UK leaving the EU has become an embarrassment. At one point perceived by “Leavers" as desirable and to be embraced, Brexit is now tucked away, out of sight and avoided by ministers and back benchers as a topic for discussion.
Brexit shares with Mrs Rochester the twin characteristics of being both insane and destructive. As an editorial in “The Irish Times" succinctly put it: “..no state in the modern era has committed such a senseless act of self-harm".
Yours faithfully
John Cole
Message from the Chair: John Cole
Apologies for not organising anything for months now – possibly over a year – but as soon as I start to plan in my mind, then Covid rears its head once again.
As far as I am concerned we still exist and have sufficient funds.
There is still a battle to be fought and I have kept up the writing of letters to the “T and A" and “Yorkshire Post". My understanding is that a lot of them have been printed since I get irate comments back from “Leavers" (plus encouraging comments from “Remainers").
I have also just finished reading “Brexit Unfolded" by Chris Grey that has the subtitle “How No One Got What They Wanted - and Why They Were Never Going To") . I have written a review of Grey's book and submitted it to “Yorkshire Bylines". That excellent online publication carries quite a lot about Brexit - for example the “Davies Dossier" catalogues chapter and verse of specific examples of Brexit costs.
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Events
Bradford for Europe ran a three hour street stall in Hustlergate on Saturday 16th November. We had four volunteers this time. It was overcast and we had some drizzle. We distributed nearly 700 of our orange leaflets. The footfall was not good early on, but we had had a lot of positive engagement.
Bradford for Europe distributed leaflets in Great Horton Road outside the Bradford University Richmond Building in the middle of the day on Wednesday 13th November. The weather was good. A team of three distributed nearly 800 of our orange leaflets. Engagement was good.
Bradford for Europe ran a three hour street stall in Hustlergate on Saturday 9th November. We had five volunteers this time. It was cold but dry. We distributed 800 of our orange leaflets. We had an extraordinary amount of positive engagement. On two separate occasions, passers by bought us coffee. On the second occasion, we were also offered mini-doughnuts. The Socialist Workers Party and the Socialist Equality Party flanked us on both sides, but we were making a lot of noise, and they soon moved away.
Bradford for Europe ran a two hour lunchtime street event in Hustlergate on Monday 28th October. The weather was good but cold. A team of two used two Bradford for Europe breastplates for identification. We collected signatures for our petition and distributed 400 No Deal People's Vote leaflets. We were interviewed by Bradford Community Broadcasting.
Bradford for Europe joined the "Together for a Final Say" People's Vote march in London on 19th October. Hundreds of thousands of protesters from all over Britain travelled to London to demand a People’s Vote on Brexit. 19 coaches of protesters travelled from Yorkshire, including one from Bradford. Many more protesters made their own way down. We marched with Bradford for Europe banners and Yorkshire flags, in addition to the usual placards and European flags. We also joined the Yorkshire Remain Voice Choir and performed for a gathering crowd, who were handed song books and joined in the songs. More musical instruments and regular practice made for a polished performance. We got news coverage in the Telegraph & Argus both before the march and after the march. We also got news coverage in the Yorkshire Post.
Bradford for Europe distributed leaflets in Great Horton Road outside the Bradford University Richmond Building during lunchtime on Wednesday 16th October. It was dry but cold. A team of one distributed 550 leaflets, including the remainder of our leaflets for the People's Vote March.
A team of three Yorkshire women cycled for three days from Sheffield to Brussels to deliver an electronic love letter to the EU. The letter was delivered on Tuesday 15th October.
Bradford for Europe ran a two hour lunchtime street event in Hustlergate on Tuesday 15th October. The weather was good. A team of two used two Bradford for Europe breastplates for identification. We collected signatures for our petition and distributed 400 No Deal People's Vote leaflets and a few other leaflets.
Bradford for Europe ran a three hour street stall in Hustlergate on Saturday 12th October. We had five volunteers this time, and conditions were good. We collected signatures for our petition, and distributed 600 No Deal People's Vote leaflets, 50 of our orange leaflets and 40 People's Vote March leaflets. A passer by bought us all coffee.
Bradford for Europe distributed leaflets in Great Horton Road outside the Bradford University Richmond Building in the middle of the day of Thursday 10th October. The weather was not favourable. There were several light showers, and one heavy spell of rain. A team of three nonetheless distributed over 700 of our orange leaflets and 10 People's Vote March leaflets. The Socialist Equality Party made another appearance, but we were distributing leaflets at a much higher rate than them, and they soon moved on.
Bradford for Europe ran a two hour lunchtime street event in Hustlergate on Tuesday 8th October. The weather was good despite the forecast. A team of two used two Bradford for Europe breastplates for identification. We collected a good crop of signatures for our petition and distributed just over 400 No Deal People's Vote leaflets and 60 People's Vote March leaflets.
Bradford for Europe joined a coach trip to Westminster to support SODEM (Stand of Defiance European Movement) on Monday 7th October. The Remain Voice Choir was in action again. The video above was filmed round the back of Downing Street, in front of the Foreign Office.
Bradford for Europe ran a three hour street stall in Hustlergate on Saturday 5th October. We had five volunteers this time, and conditions were good. We were downstream of the Socialist Equality Party again, but they did not cause us any trouble. We collected more signatures for our petition this time, and distributed 400 No Deal People's Vote leaflets and 45 People's Vote March leaflets. That was not our best performance, but it was successful day nonetheless.
Bradford for Europe distributed leaflets in Great Horton Road outside the Bradford University Richmond Building from 11:45 to 13:45 on Thursday 3rd October. The weather was good. A team of three distributed 800 of our orange leaflets and 50 People's Vote March leaflets. We again had a lot of positive engagement.
Bradford for Europe ran a two hour lunchtime street event in Hustlergate on Wednesday 2nd October. The weather was good but was getting colder. A team of two used two Bradford for Europe breastplates for identification. We collected signatures for our petition and distributed 400 of the No Deal People's Vote leaflets and 40 People's Vote March leaflets.
Bradford for Europe supported the "Reject Brexit Defend Democracy March and Rally" in Manchester on Sunday 29th September. This event took place at the same time as the Conservative Party Conference. The march started from Whitworth Park, and ended with the rally in Castlefield Bowl.
Bradford for Europe handed out stickers at the start of the UCI Road World Championship Women Elite Race on Saturday 28th September. The race started from City Park outside City Hall. There was also a big screen for people to view the race. A team of ten volunteers flew Yorkshire and European flags, and handed out stickers at three levels of rudeness: People's Vote, Brexit is Bonkers and Bollocks to Brexit. We had a very good reception, with a high proportion of the spectators taking up the stickers.
Bradford for Europe distributed leaflets in Great Horton Road outside the Bradford University Richmond Building from 12:00 to 14:00 on Wednesday 25th September. The weather was good. A team of three distributed over 700 of our orange leaflets and over 50 People's Vote March leaflets. We had a lot of positive response, and several people reported positive action as result of our previous visit.
Bradford for Europe ran a three hour street stall in Hustlergate on Saturday 21st September. We had only three volunteers on the stall. Footfall was low at the start but much greater later on, swelled by Bradford Detective Day contestants, who showed no interest whatsoever in us and diluted the useful footfall that there was. We also had serious case of the Trots. We were downstream of the Socialist Equality Party, who were handing out flyers critical of us saying that we were the ruling elite. We nonetheless doggedly collected signatures for our petition, and distributed just over 400 of the No Deal People's Vote leaflets and 45 of People's Vote March leaflets.
Bradford for Europe ran a two hour lunchtime street event in Hustlergate on Wednesday 18th September. The weather was good but a little dull. A team of two used a banner and two Bradford for Europe breastplates for identification. We collected a good crop of signatures for our petition and distributed about 300 of the No Deal People's Vote leaflets and 40 People's Vote March leaflets.
Bradford for Europe distributed leaflets in Great Horton Road outside the Bradford University Richmond Building from 12:00 to 14:00 on Tuesday 17th September. It was fine day, and the second day of term. A team of three distributed about 700 of our orange leaflets and 25 of the People's Vote March leaflets. People mostly did not have time to stop, but we got some positive engagement and very little of the negativity that we get in Hustlergate.
Bradford for Europe supported the "Stop the Brexit Coup - March and Rally" in Victoria Gardens Leeds on Saturday 14th September. Here is a report from ExaminerLive, and here is another from LeedsLive.
Bradford for Europe ran a three hour street stall in Hustlergate on Saturday 14th September. We were supporting the "Stop the Brexit Coup - March and Rally" in Leeds at the same time. As a result, we had only two volunteers on the stall. We nonetheless collected a good number of signatures for our petition, and distributed about 440 of the No Deal People's Vote leaflets and 55 of People's Vote March leaflets.
Bradford for Europe ran a two hour lunchtime street event in Hustlergate on Wednesday 11th September. The weather was good again. A team of two used Bradford for Europe breastplates for identification. We collected signatures for our petition and distributed nearly 400 of the No Deal People's Vote leaflets and 100 People's Vote March leaflets. We were interviewed by Bradford Community Broadcasting afterwards. The interview was broadcast on Drive Time at 5:15 pm.
Bradford for Europe ran a three hour street stall in Hustlergate on Saturday 7th September. It was a dry day, but we were also supporting the "Great Northern Stop Brexit Conference #2 in Leeds. We had three volunteers for most of the time, but were down to two for a while. We distributed over 500 of the new No Deal People's Vote leaflet, and 70 leaflets for the People's Vote March in London. We also collected a good but not a record number of signatures for our petition.
Bradford for Europe supported the "Great Northern Stop Brexit Conference #2" on Saturday 7th September in Leeds. The Speakers included Lord Michael Heseltine, Hilary Benn MP, Will Hutton, Gavin Esler, Alex Sobel MP, Natalie Bennett, Professor AC Grayling, Richard Corbett MEP, Shaffaq Mohammed MEP, Magid Magid MEP, Denis MacShane, Simon Allison, Kamran Hussain, Diana Wallis, Will Dry, Madeleina Kay, Judith Rogerson and Pranay Manocha. Here is a report on the event.
Bradford for Europe supported a flash protest on 5th September at the West Yorkshire Police Training Facility Carr Gate Wakefield, where Boris Johnson was delivering a speech on police numbers and funding.A noisy but not-so-warm #Yorkshire welcome for #FloppyJohnson. Nowhere you @BorisJohnson can escape #DefendOurDemocracy protests as you sneak around the UK. Thanks @LeedsEurope @yorkshireeurope and others for alerts! pic.twitter.com/DQwpI0P2Fx— Gillian Holding (@gillianholding) September 5, 2019
Previous Events...
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"Let's Stay Together" leaflet
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Remain Voice Choir Songbook
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Neighbouring groups:
Leeds for Europe
People's Vote South West Yorkshire
North Yorkshire for Europe
Sheffield for Europe
National organisations:
European Movement
Britain for Europe
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People's Vote